Penetration grade bitumen is a type of bitumen that is commonly used in road construction, waterproofing, and roofing applications. It is produced through the refining of crude oil and is characterized by its penetration value, which measures its hardness or softness. The higher the penetration value, the softer the bitumen. Penetration grade bitumen is classified according to its penetration value at 25°C, ranging from hard grades, such as 85/100, to softer grades, such as 160/220. Its properties include excellent waterproofing, high adhesion, and resistance to deformation.